Question 1

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Question 2

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and is essential for peptide bond formation?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 3

What is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{pH} = -\log[H^+]$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about buffers is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Buffers resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Question 5

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 6

Which process involves the formation of polymers from monomers by removing water?

Accepted Answer

Condensation reaction

Question 7

A protein’s tertiary structure is stabilized primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions between R groups

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid

Question 9

Which statement best explains why saturated fats are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Their fatty acid chains are straight and can pack closely together.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – Nucleotide

Question 13

Which of the following functional groups is hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group

Question 14

Which type of bond is responsible for the primary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of glycoproteins in cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell-cell recognition and signaling

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

They result from the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of adding acid to a buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

The buffer will resist the pH change, keeping it relatively stable.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a testable explanation for an observation.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Forming a selectively permeable barrier due to their amphipathic nature

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

The tertiary and quaternary structures of enzymes create unique active sites.

General Biology Study Guide: Chemistry of Life and Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions