Q: Which equation correctly represents cellular respiration?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Q: Which chemical equation represents photosynthesis?

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP, because it directly powers most cellular work.

Question 2

During photosynthesis, which process converts solar energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

The light-dependent reactions

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 4

A plant cell is exposed to sunlight. Which organelle is primarily responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 5

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 6

If a cell undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis, what is the result?

Accepted Answer

One cell with two nuclei

Question 7

Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for different genes segregate independently during gamete formation.

Question 8

A heterozygous individual for a gene (Aa) is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual (aa). What is the expected genotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

1 Aa : 1 aa

Question 9

Which process results in genetically unique daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 10

Which molecule is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis and used in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a product of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 12

A person inherits a recessive X-linked disorder. Which scenario is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A male with one affected X chromosome will express the disorder.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the genetic makeup; phenotype is the observable trait.

Question 14

Which chemical equation represents photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 15

Which stage of meiosis is responsible for the separation of homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life example of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of glucose to ethanol in brewing beer

Question 17

Which process in cellular respiration directly produces carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 18

A cell has a diploid number of 8. After meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why plants appear green?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green light.

General Biology Study Guide: Energy, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, Cell Division, and Genetics

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