$pH = -\log_{10}(1 \times 10^{-7}) = 7$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a universal characteristic of living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to move independently

Question 2

Which statement best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 3

Which of the following best illustrates homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Sweating to cool down when overheated

Question 4

A population is defined as:

Accepted Answer

All the organisms of the same species living in a specific area

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct scientific name for domestic cats using binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

Felis catus

Question 6

Which domain contains organisms with four kingdoms, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Theory

Question 8

What is the main difference between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

The experimental group receives the variable being tested, while the control group does not.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about atoms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are negatively charged and found outside the nucleus.

Question 10

If an atom has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 12, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$12 - 6 = 6$

Question 11

Why do isotopes of the same element have similar chemical properties?

Accepted Answer

Because they have the same number of protons and electrons

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis, where $CO_2$ is reduced and $H_2O$ is oxidized

Question 14

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of $[H^+] = 1 	imes 10^{-7}$ M?

Accepted Answer

$pH = -\log_{10}(1 	imes 10^{-7}) = 7$

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of a buffer in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a stable pH by neutralizing acids and bases

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a major class of organic macromolecules found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 17

What is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$C:H:O = 1:2:1$

Question 18

Which part of a phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

The fatty acid tails

Question 19

Which type of bond holds two amino acids together in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 20

Which level of protein structure is defined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

General Biology Study Guide: Foundations, Chemistry of Life, and Biological Organization

Study Guide - Practice Questions