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General Biology Study Guide: Key Concepts and Learning Objectives

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Introduction to Biology

  • Unicellular vs. Multicellular
    02:09
  • Introduction to Biology
    02:54
  • Introduction to Biology Channel
    1:28

Characteristics of Life

  • Characteristics of Life
    09:26
  • Characteristics of Life Example 1
    02:59

Life's Organizational Hierarchy

  • Life's Organizational Hierarchy
    09:50
  • Emergent Properties
    04:05
  • Life's Organizational Hierarchy Example 1
    03:05

Natural Selection and Evolution

  • Natural Selection Causes Adaptation
    07:48
  • Adaptation Improves Fitness
    02:57
  • Evolution can Occur Via Natural Selection
    04:32

Scientific Method

  • Scientific Method Example 1
    01:35
  • Basic Theories of Biology
    03:03
  • Scientific Method
    06:29

Introduction to Taxonomy

  • Introduction to Taxonomy Example 2
    01:37
  • Categorizing Life Based on Energy Acquisition
    05:48
  • Introduction to Taxonomy
    02:23

Atoms - Smallest Unit of Matter

  • Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Example 1
    02:13
  • Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Example 3
    03:51
  • Electron Orbitals & Energy Shells
    09:44

Isotopes

  • Isotopes
    06:50
  • Radioactive Isotopes
    02:37

Introduction to Chemical Bonding

  • Introduction to Chemical Bonding Example 1
    1:59
  • Intramolecular vs. Intermolecular Bonds
    03:53
  • Map of the Lesson on Chemical Bonding
    02:42

Covalent Bonds

  • Covalent Bonds
    04:28
  • Polar Covalent Bonds
    06:59
  • Nonpolar Covalent Bonds
    06:41

Ionic Bonding

  • Ions: Anions vs. Cations
    04:34
  • Ionic Bonds
    06:07

Hydrogen Bonding

  • Hydrogen Bonding
    05:03

Introduction to Water

  • Introduction to Water
    01:54
  • Introduction to Water Example 1
    01:51
  • Emergent Properties of Water
    01:29

Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion

  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Example 1
    01:46
  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion
    04:16

Properties of Water- Density

  • Density of Liquid Water vs. Solid Ice
    05:43
  • Properties of Water- Density Example 1
    02:13

Properties of Water- Thermal

  • Properties of Water- Thermal
    04:07
  • Water’s High Specific Heat
    03:25
  • Water’s High Heat of Vaporization
    03:31

Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent

  • Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent
    06:20
  • Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic
    03:43
  • Homogenous vs. Heterogenous Solutions
    02:19

Acids and Bases

  • Acids
    02:45
  • Acids and Bases
    01:29
  • Bases
    03:48

pH Scale

  • Buffers
    05:38
  • pH Scale
    11:05

Carbon

  • Carbon is an Excellent Building Block
    03:35
  • Carbon
    04:19

Functional Groups

  • Functional Groups Example 1
    02:00
  • Functional Groups
    06:04

Introduction to Biomolecules

  • Introduction to Biomolecules
    01:17
  • Map of the Lesson on Biomolecules
    01:29

Monomers & Polymers

  • Building & Breaking-Down Polymers
    04:19
  • Monomers & Polymers
    03:42

Carbohydrates

  • Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
    03:08
  • Carbohydrates
    04:53
  • Carbohydrate Functions
    05:08

Lipids

  • Steroids & Waxes
    03:30
  • Lipids
    04:19
  • Fatty Acids
    06:59

Proteins

  • Protein Structure
    08:02
  • Amino Acids
    04:37
  • Proteins
    02:50

Nucleic Acids

  • Nucleic Acids Example 2
    01:05
  • Formation & Breakdown of Nucleic Acids
    04:07
  • DNA vs. RNA
    05:57

Microscopes

  • Microscopes
    06:35
  • Types of Electron Microscopes
    02:52

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
    03:45
  • Ribosomes
    06:51
  • Map of the Lesson on Eukaryotic Organelles
    02:43

Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion

  • Golgi Apparatus
    06:02
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
    06:07
  • Nucleus
    06:32

Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles

  • Central Vacuole
    03:35
  • Lysosomes & Peroxisomes
    05:38

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

  • Chloroplasts
    03:16
  • Chloroplast Structure
    03:41
  • Mitochondria Structure
    04:45

Endosymbiotic Theory

  • Endosymbiotic Theory
    06:58

Introduction to the Cytoskeleton

  • Cilia & Flagella
    03:15
  • Introduction to the Cytoskeleton
    06:05

Biological Membranes

  • Biological Membranes Example 1
    02:21
  • Biological Membranes
    06:04

Introduction to Membrane Transport

  • Map of the Lesson on Membrane Transport
    02:33
  • Introduction to Membrane Transport
    02:47
  • Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
    07:10

Passive vs. Active Transport

  • Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins
    03:28
  • Passive vs. Active Transport
    04:18

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

  • Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
    05:10
  • Transport Proteins of Facilitated Diffusion
    04:49

Active Transport

  • Secondary Active Transport
    07:06
  • Active Transport
    02:37
  • Primary Active Transport
    02:53

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

  • Endocytosis and Exocytosis Example 1
    01:52
  • Endocytosis Allows Entry to the Cell
    04:18
  • Exocytosis Allows Exiting from the Cell
    02:28

Introduction to Energy

  • Thermodynamics: System vs. Surroundings
    04:21
  • Introduction to Energy
    04:58

Laws of Thermodynamics

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics
    02:53
  • Entropy
    03:21
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    04:43

Chemical Reactions

  • Chemical Reactions
    01:56
  • Types of Chemical Reactions
    05:48

ATP

  • Energy Coupling
    04:57
  • ATP
    06:43
  • Phosphorylation
    03:

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Enzyme Activation Energy

  • Enzyme Activation Energy
    04:18
  • Enzymes Lower Activation Energy
    03:26

Enzyme Binding Factors

  • Cofactors
    04:22
  • Enzyme-Substrate Complex
    03:49

Enzyme Inhibition

  • Enzyme Inhibition
    05:03

Introduction to Metabolism

  • Introduction to Metabolism
    02:17
  • Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
    03:25

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Introduction to Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53
  • Aerobic Cellular Respiration is a Redox Reaction
    04:18
  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:31

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    06:20
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Pyruvate Oxidation

  • Pyruvate Oxidation
    04:38

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Chemiosmosis

  • Chemiosmosis
    05:01

Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Total Products for Each Stage of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    07:25
  • Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    07:51

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:34
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:51
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    02:02

Introduction to Photosynthesis

  • Introduction to Photosynthesis
    03:32
  • Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
    07:55
  • Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction
    03:20

Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy

  • Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy
    08:18

Electromagnetic Spectrum

  • Electromagnetic Spectrum
    04:29

Pigments of Photosynthesis

  • Pigments of Photosynthesis
    05:58
  • Introduction to Photosystems
    04:59
  • Absorption Spectrum of Photosynthesis
    02:52

Stages of Photosynthesis

  • Stages of Photosynthesis
    03:16
  • Map of the Lesson on Photosynthesis
    02:41

Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Example 1
    01:48
  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
    04:06
  • Steps of the Light Reactions
    15:15

Calvin Cycle

  • 3 Phases of the Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway)
    10:58
  • Calvin Cycle
    03:42

Review of Photosynthesis

  • Recap Map of Photosynthesis
    08:50
  • Review of Photosynthesis Example 1
    02:06

Introduction to Ecology

  • Levels of Ecological Study
    05:01
  • Introduction to Ecology Example 1
    02:31
  • Environment vs. Habitat vs. Niche
    01:57

Biogeography

  • Biogeography Example 2
    03:26
  • How Ecosystems Impact Species Distribution
    01:12
  • Biogeography Example 1
    02:43

Earth's Climate Patterns

  • Earth's Climate Patterns Example 1
    01:36
  • Earth's Climate Patterns Example 3
    01:36
  • Earth's Climate Patterns Example 5
    03:01

Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes

  • Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes Example 2
    01:29
  • Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes
    01:55
  • Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes Example 1
    00:49

Terrestrial Biomes: Near Equator

  • Terrestrial Biomes: Near Equator Example 1
    03:03
  • Savannas (Tropical Grasslands)
    01:02
  • Tropical Rainforests
    01:22

Terrestrial Biomes: Temperate Regions

  • Temperate Grasslands (Prairie/Steppe)
    00:51
  • Terrestrial Biomes: Temperate Regions Example 1
    01:59
  • Temperate Broadleaf/Deciduous Forests
    01:00

Terrestrial Biomes: Northern Regions

  • Tundras
    00:58
  • Terrestrial Biomes: Northern Regions Example 1
    05:07
  • Northern Coniferous Forests (Boreal Forests/Taiga)
    01:03

Introduction to Aquatic Biomes

  • Zonation in Marine Biomes & Lakes
    04:38
  • Seasonal Turnover & Ocean Upwelling
    03:57
  • Introduction to Aquatic Biomes Example 3
    03:00

Freshwater Aquatic Biomes

  • Wetlands
    01:29
  • Estuaries
    01:51
  • Streams & Rivers
    01:41

Marine Aquatic Biomes

  • Intertidal Zones
    01:43
  • Coral Reefs
    01:30
  • Marine Benthic Zone
    01:47

Introduction to Population Ecology

  • Factors Affecting Population Size (N)
    01:48
  • Population Size & Density
    01:52
  • Introduction to Population Ecology Example 3
    01:51

Population Demography

  • Life Tables
    03:49
  • Population Demography Example 1
    02:18
  • Survivorship Curves
    02:54

Factors Limiting Population Growth

  • Density-Dependent Factors
    02:37
  • Factors Limiting Population Growth
    00:51
  • Density-Dependent vs. Density-Independent Factors
    03:14

Introduction to Population Growth Models

  • Introduction to Population Growth Models Example 3
    02:52
  • Introduction to Population Growth Models
    01:09
  • Assumptions of Population Growth Models
    03:29

Exponential Population Growth

  • Exponential Population Growth Example 2
    07:34
  • Exponential Population Growth
    03:05
  • Exponential Population Growth Equations
    06:35

Logistic Population Growth

  • Summary of Key Features & Assumptions for Each Population Growth Model
    07:28
  • Logistic Growth in a Limited Environment
    05:00
  • Logistic Population Growth Example 1
    04:28

Introduction to Community Ecology

  • Introduction to Community Ecology
    02:03

Introduction to Community Interactions

  • Overview: Types of Community Interactions
    02:55
  • Introduction to Community Interactions Example 1
    02:23
  • Introduction to Community Interactions
    01:57

Community Interactions: Competition (-/-)

  • Resource Partitioning (Partial Niche Overlap)
    03:57
  • Competitive Exclusion Principle (Complete Niche Overlap)
    04:23
  • Community Interactions: Competition (-/-) Example 1
    04:23

Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/-)

  • 1) Exploitation (+/-): Predation
    01:42
  • 3) Exploitation (+/-): Parasitism
    02:37
  • Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/–)
    00:49

Community Interactions: Mutualism (+/+) & Commensalism (+/0)

  • Positive Interactions
    02:56
  • Summary of Community Interactions
    01:52

Community Structure

  • Community Structure Example 3
    02:22
  • Community Structure Example 1
    03:37
  • Community Structure
    04:25

Community Dynamics

  • Disturbances Make Communities Dynamic
    03:37
  • Secondary Ecological Succession
    02:31
  • Effects of Early-Arriving Species on Late-Arriving Species
    01:34

Energy Flow Through Ecosystems

  • Gross Productive Energy vs. Assimilated Energy
    05:28
  • Energy Efficiency in Ecosystems
    06:28
  • Energy Flow Through Ecosystems Example 2
    07:07

Biogeochemical Cycles

  • Biogeochemical Cycles Example 2
    02:40
  • Carbon Cycle
    04:20
  • Nitrogen Cycle
    08:32