Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main interconnected functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, and motor output

Question 2

A patient with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) experiences muscle weakness and loss of coordination. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of myelin sheaths by the immune system

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the myelin sheath is correct?

Accepted Answer

In the CNS, the myelin sheath is made by oligodendrocytes

Question 4

During the resting state of a neuron, which ion is the principal extracellular cation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na^+}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process of depolarization during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Gated $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ channels open, and $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ flows into the cell

Question 6

Saltatory conduction is faster than continuous conduction because:

Accepted Answer

The action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Inducing the formation of tight junctions between endothelial cells

Question 8

A neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter signals at its synapses. What determines whether an action potential will be generated?

Accepted Answer

The sum of excitation and inhibition at the axon hillock

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

It is involved in emotions, memory, and learning

Question 10

Which of the following neurotransmitters is most directly associated with the regulation of mood and is targeted by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why injuries to the spinal cord can result in loss of communication between the brain and the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord is the main pathway for information between the central and peripheral nervous systems

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It exerts involuntary control over internal organs

Question 13

Which brain region is primarily responsible for higher mental activities such as judgment, planning, and reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Frontal association area

Question 14

A person is unable to move their right arm after a stroke. Which area of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

The left motor cortex

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the 'all-or-none' property of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

An action potential either occurs fully or not at all, regardless of stimulus strength

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during the propagation of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Resting state → Threshold → Depolarization → Repolarization → Undershoot

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of supporting cells (glia) in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Protect, insulate, and nourish neurons

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between a ganglion and a nucleus in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A ganglion is a cluster of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, while a nucleus is a cluster in the CNS

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of referred pain?

Accepted Answer

Feeling pain in the left arm during a heart attack

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the brain is able to recover some functions after a hemispherectomy (removal of one cerebral hemisphere)?

Accepted Answer

The brain exhibits remarkable plasticity

General Biology: The Nervous System (Chapter 28) Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards