Question 1

Which of the following elements accounts for the majority of an organism’s mass and is found in all four major classes of biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 2

Which of the following molecules is a product of a dehydration reaction between two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A disaccharide

Question 3

A solution with a pH of 4 has how many times more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 7? Use the formula $$[H^+] = 10$$^{-pH}$$.

Accepted Answer

1,000 times more

Question 4

Which property of water allows coastal climates to remain relatively moderate compared to inland climates?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds keep water molecules farther apart in ice

Question 6

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not

Question 7

Which of the following organelles is primarily responsible for the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

Which of the following molecules would most easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 9

Which process in cellular respiration produces the majority of the CO$$_2$$ released by the complete oxidation of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in metabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy barrier

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Organizing structures and activities in the cell

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the breakdown of macromolecules and the biosynthesis of macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown is exergonic, biosynthesis is endergonic

Question 14

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It moves molecules down their electrochemical gradient

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why adding CO$$_2 to $$seawater threatens coral reefs?

Accepted Answer

It decreases dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinders coral growth

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the structure of biological membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of a fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded amphipathic proteins

Question 17

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus

Question 19

Which of the following statements best describes the central role that ATP plays in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions

Question 20

Which of the following would most likely inhibit the rate of glycolysis in a cell?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ATP

General Biology: Week 3 Study Guide (Chapters 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

Study Guide - Practice Questions