Q: Which equation represents the probability of two independent events both occurring?

$P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \times P(B)$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype $YyRr$ is crossed with another $YyRr$ plant. What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype $yyrr$? Use the multiplication rule.

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{16}$

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces pink-flowered offspring.

Question 4

Which process during meiosis is responsible for genetic variability?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Question 5

If a species has 8 chromosomes in its egg cell, how many chromosomes will be present in the zygote after fertilization?

Accepted Answer

16

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that makes garden peas a good genetic model organism?

Accepted Answer

They have a long generation time.

Question 7

In chickens, the genotype $BW$ results in a chicken with both black and white feathers. What type of inheritance does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 8

Which of the following base pairings in DNA is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A pairs with C

Question 9

A testcross is performed between a pea plant with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive plant. If the offspring display the recessive phenotype, what must be the genotype of the mystery parent?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Question 10

Which statement about Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment is correct?

Accepted Answer

Genes located on different chromosomes assort independently during gamete formation.

Question 11

What is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($Yy 	imes Yy$)?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a homologous chromosome pair?

Accepted Answer

Two chromosomes with the same shape and genes controlling the same traits, one from each parent.

Question 13

Which equation represents the probability of two independent events both occurring?

Accepted Answer

$P(A 	ext{ and } B) = P(A) 	imes P(B)$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of genetic organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Gene, chromosome, genome

Question 15

A person with blood type AB expresses both A and B antigens. What type of inheritance does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 16

Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. If a heterozygous individual ($Hh$) has a child with a homozygous recessive individual ($hh$), what is the probability that their child will inherit Huntington’s disease?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{2}$

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects both eye color and blood pressure.

Question 18

Which process transforms a cell from haploid to diploid?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the blending hypothesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It was disproved by Mendel’s experiments showing that traits are inherited as discrete units.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the addition rule in probability?

Accepted Answer

It is used to calculate the probability that any one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.

Genetics and Chromosome Inheritance: Study Guide for General Biology

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