Question 1

Which of the following best describes a heterozygous genotype?

Accepted Answer

An organism with two different alleles for a gene

Question 2

In a population, the frequency of allele $$p is 0.7. $$What is the frequency of allele $$q$$?

Accepted Answer

$$q = 0.3$$

Question 3

If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Genotype frequencies will remain constant from one generation to the next

Question 4

Given $$p = 0.6$$ and $$q = 0.4$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes ($$Aa) in $$the next generation under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq = 0.48$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Question 6

What is the main consequence of gene flow between two previously isolated populations?

Accepted Answer

Populations become more genetically similar

Question 7

Which type of selection favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range?

Accepted Answer

Disruptive selection

Question 8

A population of flowers has the following genotypes: 1 $$PP$$, 2 $$Pp$$, and 1 $$pp. $$What is the phenotypic ratio of purple to white flowers if purple is dominant?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 9

Which process is most likely to increase the proportion of homozygous individuals in a population?

Accepted Answer

Assortative mating

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A hurricane randomly kills most of a small population, changing allele frequencies

Question 11

Which of the following best defines phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The physical appearance resulting from expression of the genotype

Question 12

If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what can you infer?

Accepted Answer

One or more assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle are not being met

Question 13

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection to result in evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

Variation must be genetically inherited

Question 14

A population of rabbits has allele frequencies $$p = 0.5$$ and $$q = 0.5. $$What is the expected frequency of homozygous recessive individuals ($$aa) $$under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$q^2 = 0.25$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

Random mating

Question 16

Which selection pattern is illustrated by human birth weight, where intermediate weights have the highest survival?

Accepted Answer

Stabilizing selection

Question 17

If a population experiences a sharp reduction in size due to a natural disaster, what is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Bottleneck effect

Question 18

Which of the following would violate the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Non-random mating

Question 19

What is the result of evolution driven by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Populations become better adapted to their environment

Genetics and Population Genetics: Mendelian Inheritance, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, and Evolutionary Mechanisms

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