Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which process is responsible for the majority of ATP production during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To complete the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chemiosmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis is the coupling of electron flow down an electron transport chain to ATP production via a proton gradient

Question 6

If oxygen is not present, what is the fate of pyruvate produced by glycolysis in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to lactic acid via lactic acid fermentation

Question 7

Which step in cellular respiration is responsible for regenerating NAD+ under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 8

How many turns of the Krebs cycle are required to completely oxidize one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why the inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded (cristae)?

Accepted Answer

To provide more surface area for chemiosmosis and ATP synthesis

Question 10

A poison that blocks the passage of electrons along the electron transport chain would result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

No proton gradient would be generated, and ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation would stop

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct summary of ATP yield from the complete aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP from glycolysis, 2 ATP from Krebs cycle, 32 ATP from oxidative phosphorylation; total 36 ATP

Question 12

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs cycle per turn?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 14

Which of the following statements about fermentation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue

Question 15

Which of the following macromolecules can enter cellular respiration at the Krebs cycle as 2-carbon acetyl groups?

Accepted Answer

Fats

Question 16

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that reduces the efficiency of the electron transport chain. Which of the following would most likely be observed?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ATP production and increased reliance on glycolysis for ATP

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis $$\rightarrow$$ Krebs cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Electron transport chain

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm

Question 19

In the electron transport chain, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 20

A yeast cell is placed in an anaerobic environment. Which of the following products would you expect to accumulate?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol and CO$$_2$$

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration – Study Notes

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