Question 1

Which of the following best describes an allele?

Accepted Answer

A particular version of a gene found at a specific locus.

Question 2

If a pea plant has the genotype $$Pp$$ for flower color, where $$P is $$the dominant purple allele and $$p is $$the recessive white allele, what will be its phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Purple flowers

Question 3

According to Mendel's Law of Segregation, what happens during gamete formation?

Accepted Answer

Each gamete receives only one allele for each gene.

Question 4

A heterozygote for a gene is best described as:

Accepted Answer

An individual with two different alleles for a gene.

Question 5

If the probability of a puppy being female is $$\frac{1}{2}$$ and the probability of having a chinchilla coat is $$\frac{1}{5}$$, what is the probability that a puppy is both female and has a chinchilla coat?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{10}$$

Question 6

Which statement about dominant alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles produce a phenotype when one or two copies are present.

Question 7

What is the physical location of a gene on a chromosome called?

Accepted Answer

Locus

Question 8

In a cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$Pp 	imes Pp$$), what is the expected ratio of purple to white flowers in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 9

If two genes are unlinked, how do you calculate the probability of inheriting two independent traits?

Accepted Answer

Multiply the probabilities of each trait.

Question 10

A pitbull puppy has a $$\frac{1}{2}$$ chance of being gray, a $$\frac{1}{4}$$ chance of having a broken coat, and a $$\frac{1}{2}$$ chance of being male. What is the probability that a puppy is a gray, broken-coated male?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{8}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the purple allele is dominant to the white allele in pea flowers?

Accepted Answer

The purple allele produces a normal transcription factor that activates pigment production.

Question 12

Which genotype represents a homozygote?

Accepted Answer

AA

Question 13

If a gene is located at a specific locus on a chromosome, what does this imply?

Accepted Answer

The gene has a defined physical location on the chromosome.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Brown eyes

Question 15

If you roll a die twice, what is the probability of getting two sixes?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{36}$$

Question 16

Which of Mendel's laws explains why alleles for different genes are inherited independently if they are on separate chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Law of independent assortment

Question 17

A plant with genotype $$PP is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$pp. $$What will be the genotype of all F$$_1$$ offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$Pp$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Allele frequency in the population

Question 19

If a gene is described as 'haploid', what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

There is only one copy of the gene.

Question 20

Which scenario best illustrates Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

A parent passes only one allele for a gene to each gamete.

Introduction to Genetics: Mendelian Principles and Probability

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