Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a condition required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Question 2

A population of birds is split by the formation of a new river, preventing gene flow between the two groups. Over time, these groups diverge genetically and can no longer interbreed. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Allopatric speciation

Question 3

Which type of natural selection is illustrated when individuals with extreme phenotypes are favored over intermediate phenotypes, resulting in two peaks in the population's trait distribution?

Accepted Answer

Disruptive selection

Question 4

In sickle cell anemia, individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell allele ($$AS) $$have a selective advantage in regions where malaria is common. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Heterozygote advantage

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a prezygotic reproductive barrier?

Accepted Answer

Mating occurs at different times of the year

Question 6

A population of insects experiences a shift in the environment such that only those with the darkest coloration survive and reproduce. Which type of selection is this?

Accepted Answer

Directional selection

Question 7

Which of the following is a reason why natural selection is NOT perfect?

Accepted Answer

It works only with existing variation

Question 8

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of a hybrid zone?

Accepted Answer

A region where two closely related species interbreed and produce offspring with mixed traits

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of postzygotic reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid offspring are sterile

Question 10

If a population violates the 'no gene flow' condition of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Gene flow will occur, introducing new alleles

Question 11

Which of the following best defines a species under the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A group of populations whose members can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of sexual selection?

Accepted Answer

Peacocks with larger, more colorful tails attracting more mates

Question 13

A population of fish is split by a dam, and over time, the two groups accumulate genetic differences. If the dam is removed and the groups can interbreed, but their hybrid offspring have reduced fertility, what type of reproductive barrier is this?

Accepted Answer

Postzygotic barrier

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of balancing selection?

Accepted Answer

A rare allele increases in frequency when it is rare and decreases when it is common

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a prezygotic reproductive barrier?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid sterility

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the outcome of disruptive selection?

Accepted Answer

Both extreme phenotypes are favored over intermediates

Question 17

Which of the following is a possible outcome when hybrid zones form between two diverging populations?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement, fusion, or stability

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about natural selection?

Accepted Answer

It can only act on existing genetic variation

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier that reduces hybrid viability?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid embryos fail to develop properly

Question 20

A population of plants experiences a mutation that allows some individuals to flower earlier than others. Over time, early-flowering and late-flowering plants rarely interbreed. What type of reproductive isolation is this?

Accepted Answer

Temporal isolation

Macroevolution: Evolution of Species and Speciation Mechanisms

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