Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in the formation of biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that links monomers together by removing a molecule of water.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a monomer of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 3

A saturated fatty acid is characterized by which of the following structural features?

Accepted Answer

It has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to its carbon skeleton.

Question 4

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information in cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 5

What is the chemical formula for a disaccharide formed from two glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}}$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about cellulose is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – Nucleotide

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with sickle-cell disease. Which molecular change is responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

A change in the amino acid sequence of hemoglobin protein.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of fats in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy

Question 10

Which of the following statements about lipids is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are polymers made from repeating monomer units.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A molecule containing a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base.

Question 12

Which process is responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers by adding water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 13

Which of the following is a functional group commonly found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($\mathrm{-COOH}$)

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about the difference between RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains the base thymine, while RNA contains uracil.

Question 15

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used by animals to store energy?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 16

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are a primary source of dietary energy in animals.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are hydrophilic and can mix with water.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It is a key component of cell membranes.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why most animal fats are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They contain a high proportion of saturated fatty acids.

Macromolecules and Their Biological Importance: Study Notes for General Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions