Question 1

Which process is responsible for joining monomers together to form polymers in biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 2

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are joined together. What type of bond connects these two sugar molecules?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its biological function?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen; energy storage in animals

Question 4

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond and are usually liquid at room temperature.

Question 5

Phospholipids are essential components of cell membranes. Which structural feature allows them to form bilayers?

Accepted Answer

They have two hydrophobic tails and a hydrophilic head.

Question 6

A protein’s tertiary structure is stabilized primarily by which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

Disulfide bridges, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic bonds

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 8

If a DNA strand has the sequence 5'-ACGTTCGCAG-3', what is the sequence of the complementary strand?

Accepted Answer

3'-TGCAAGCGTC-5'

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine

Question 10

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions in cells?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the formation of a triglyceride from glycerol and fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Glycerol} + 3\ \mathrm{Fatty\ Acids} \rightarrow \mathrm{Triglyceride} + 3\ \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 12

Which level of protein structure is directly determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 13

Which of the following statements about hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis breaks polymers into monomers by adding water.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while their hydrophilic heads interact with water.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the quaternary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It involves the interaction of multiple polypeptide chains.

Question 18

Which of the following is a purine found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

It joins monomers together by removing water.

Question 20

Which of the following correctly matches a macromolecule with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – monosaccharide

LEC 4 Macromolecules: Structure and Function in Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions