Q: Which of the following equations represents the general structure of a triglyceride?

$\mathrm{Triglyceride} = \mathrm{Glycerol} + 3 \times \mathrm{Fatty\ Acid}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid found in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with a hydrophilic phosphate head and two hydrophobic fatty acid tails

Question 2

Which function of proteins is directly involved in speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic activity

Question 3

A patient is exposed to a high fever for several hours. Which level(s) of protein structure are most likely to be disrupted, and what is the consequence?

Accepted Answer

Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures; the protein will lose its functional shape

Question 4

Which environmental factor is most likely to disrupt hydrogen bonds in a protein, leading to denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Extreme pH

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a major function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Question 6

The primary structure of a protein is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why lipids are insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are mostly nonpolar and hydrophobic

Question 8

Which level of protein structure is stabilized primarily by interactions between R groups, such as hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 9

A mutation changes a single amino acid in a protein. Which level of protein structure is directly affected by this mutation?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The association of multiple polypeptide chains into a functional protein

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-world example of a protein functioning as a signal molecule?

Accepted Answer

Insulin regulating blood glucose levels

Question 13

Which of the following equations represents the general structure of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Triglyceride} = \mathrm{Glycerol} + 3 	imes \mathrm{Fatty\ Acid}$

Question 14

Which protein function is exemplified by antibodies in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Defense

Question 15

Which environmental change is most likely to cause a protein to unfold and lose its function?

Accepted Answer

A drastic change in pH

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a component of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids

Question 17

Which protein function is responsible for moving substances across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Transport

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The folding of the polypeptide into alpha helices and beta sheets

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of lipids in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy long-term

Question 20

Which of the following equations represents the complementary base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{A} = \mathrm{T},\ \mathrm{C} = \mathrm{G}$

Macromolecules: Structure and Function of Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids

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