Question 1

Which of the following structural features is NOT a way in which monosaccharides can vary?

Accepted Answer

Presence of peptide bonds

Question 2

What is the primary structural difference between storage and structural polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Structural polysaccharides have $$\beta-$$linkages that create rigid, linear chains

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

Question 4

Amino acids with charged R groups are most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Be hydrophilic and interact favorably with water

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support, cell identity, and energy storage

Question 6

Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing glycogen in animal cells to release glucose?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylase

Question 7

Why are $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages in cellulose difficult for most organisms to hydrolyze?

Accepted Answer

Most organisms lack the necessary enzymes

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a major type of lipid found in cells?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides

Question 9

What is the primary role of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming cell membranes

Question 10

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Question 11

Why do fats store more energy than carbohydrates per gram?

Accepted Answer

Fats have a larger number of high-energy C-H bonds

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is an important dietary fiber for humans?

Accepted Answer

It forms rigid structures that help clean the digestive tract

Question 13

Which of the following is a key structural characteristic of chitin?

Accepted Answer

It contains N-acetylglucosamine monomers

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface?

Accepted Answer

They display information for cell-cell recognition and signaling

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a polysaccharide and its biological role?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen – energy storage in animals

Question 16

A triglyceride is formed by which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the physical state of lipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated lipids with long hydrocarbon tails are stiff solids at room temperature

Question 18

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of steroids compared to other lipids?

Accepted Answer

They have a bulky, four-ring structure

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are well-suited to form biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of the inability to digest $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages in cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose passes through the digestive tract as fiber

Macromolecules: Structure and Function of Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Study Guide - Practice Questions