Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a reason why Mendel chose pea plants for his genetic experiments?

Accepted Answer

Pea plants have an unusually long generation time.

Question 2

In Mendel's experiments, what is the term for a heritable feature that varies among individuals, such as flower color?

Accepted Answer

Character

Question 3

If a pea plant has the genotype $$Pp$$ for flower color, what types of gametes can it produce?

Accepted Answer

P and p gametes

Question 4

Which statement best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each organism inherits two alleles for each gene, but only one allele is passed to each gamete.

Question 5

A cross between two true-breeding pea plants, one with purple flowers ($$PP) $$and one with white flowers ($$pp$$), produces F1 offspring. What is the expected phenotype of the F1 generation?

Accepted Answer

All purple flowers

Question 6

In the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross ($$Pp 	imes Pp$$), what is the expected genotypic ratio?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ PP : 2\ Pp : 1\ pp$$

Question 7

Which of the following best defines a heterozygous organism?

Accepted Answer

An organism with two different alleles for a gene

Question 8

In a dihybrid cross between $$YyRr 	imes YyRr ($$where $$Y = $$yellow, $$y = $$green, $$R = $$round, $$r = $$wrinkled), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

A gene for flower color and a gene for seed shape are located on different chromosomes and segregate independently during meiosis.

Question 10

A pea plant is heterozygous at the independent loci for flower color ($$Pp) $$and seed color ($$Yy). $$What types of gametes can it produce?

Accepted Answer

pY, py, PY, and Py

Question 11

If a homozygous dominant parent ($$YYRR) is $$crossed with a homozygous recessive parent ($$yyrr$$), what is the expected phenotype ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

9 round, yellow seeds : 3 wrinkled, yellow seeds : 3 round, green seeds : 1 wrinkled, green seeds

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the genetic makeup; phenotype is the observable trait.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the persistence of recessive traits in Mendel's experiments?

Accepted Answer

Recessive traits reappear in the F2 generation.

Question 14

In Mendel's model, what is the molecular basis for different alleles?

Accepted Answer

Different alleles have different DNA sequence variations at a specific locus.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a homozygous genotype?

Accepted Answer

$$PP$$

Question 16

A plant with genotype $$TtAa ($$where $$T = $$tall, $$t = $$dwarf, $$A = $$axial flowers, $$a = $$terminal flowers) is crossed with a plant with genotype $$ttaa. If $$the offspring include both $$Ttaa$$ and $$TTaa$$ individuals, what does this indicate about the genotype of the unknown parent?

Accepted Answer

$$Ttaa$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true about linked genes?

Accepted Answer

Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are close together on the same chromosome.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a true-breeding organism?

Accepted Answer

An organism that is homozygous for a trait and consistently passes down the same trait to offspring.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct phenotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards