Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each gamete receives only one allele for each gene, as alleles separate during gamete formation.

Question 2

In Mendel's pea plant experiments, what was the phenotypic ratio observed in the F2 generation for a monohybrid cross?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 3

A pea plant with genotype $$Pp is $$crossed with another $$Pp$$ plant. What is the probability that an offspring will have white flowers?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 4

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

A dihybrid cross where seed color and seed shape are inherited independently.

Question 5

If a plant is heterozygous for two genes ($$AaBb$$), what fraction of its gametes will carry the $$ab$$ combination, assuming independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces pink-flowered offspring.

Question 7

Which genetic term describes an organism with two identical alleles for a character?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous

Question 8

A testcross is used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype. What is the expected outcome if the individual is heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

Half the offspring will show the dominant phenotype and half will show the recessive phenotype.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

One gene affects multiple traits.

Question 10

Which blood type genotype is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

$$I^A I^B$$

Question 11

In Labrador retrievers, coat color is determined by two genes. If a dog has genotype $$bbEe$$, what will its coat color be?

Accepted Answer

Brown

Question 12

Which of the following is a polygenic trait?

Accepted Answer

Human height

Question 13

A child is born with albinism, a recessive trait. If both parents have normal pigmentation but are carriers, what is the probability that their next child will also have albinism?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 14

Which of the following disorders is caused by a dominant allele?

Accepted Answer

Huntington's disease

Question 15

Which statement about multifactorial traits is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a reason why humans are poor subjects for genetic research?

Accepted Answer

Humans do not follow Mendelian inheritance.

Question 17

What is the expected genotypic ratio in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross ($$Pp 	imes Pp$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are expressed in the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways.

Question 19

Which scenario is an example of epistasis?

Accepted Answer

One gene affects whether pigment is deposited, altering the effect of another gene for pigment color.

Question 20

A genetic counselor is advising a couple with a family history of cystic fibrosis. What is the inheritance pattern of this disease?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance and Human Genetics

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