Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype Pp is crossed with another Pp plant. What is the probability that an offspring will have white flowers? (Assume P = purple, p = white)

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A cross between red and white snapdragons produces pink offspring.

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals (YyRr x YyRr), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation if the genes assort independently?

Accepted Answer

9:3:3:1

Question 5

A testcross is performed between a plant with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive plant. If all offspring display the dominant phenotype, what is the genotype of the unknown parent?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous dominant

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the concept of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

One gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.

Question 7

A woman with blood type AB and a man with blood type O have children. Which blood types are possible for their children?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 8

Which of the following is true about the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype is the physical appearance, which may be influenced by genotype and environment.

Question 9

In Labrador retrievers, coat color is determined by two genes. If a black lab (BbEe) is crossed with another black lab (BbEe), what is the probability of producing a yellow lab (ee)?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes independently affect a single trait, resulting in continuous variation.

Question 11

If the probability of a gamete carrying allele A is $$\frac{1}{2}$$ and the probability of carrying allele B is $$\frac{1}{2}$$, what is the probability that a gamete will carry both A and B alleles (assuming independent assortment)?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with type AB blood expresses both A and B antigens equally.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about dominant alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles always mask recessive alleles in heterozygotes.

Question 14

A geneticist is studying a trait controlled by a single gene with three alleles. How many possible genotypes can exist for this gene?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the blending hypothesis was rejected by Mendel’s experiments?

Accepted Answer

Traits disappeared in the F1 generation and reappeared in the F2 generation.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a multifactorial trait?

Accepted Answer

Height, influenced by both genes and nutrition

Question 17

If a plant with genotype AaBb is self-crossed, what is the probability of producing an offspring with genotype aabb? (Assume independent assortment)

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Each pair of alleles segregates independently of other pairs during gamete formation.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of epistasis?

Accepted Answer

Coat color in Labrador retrievers, where one gene controls pigment color and another controls pigment deposition

Question 20

A person with genotype Ii for the enzyme that attaches carbohydrates to red blood cells has which blood type?

Accepted Answer

Type O

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance

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