Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

Two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype Pp is allowed to self-pollinate. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$ purple to white

Question 3

In a testcross, a plant with the dominant phenotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant. If all offspring show the dominant phenotype, what is the genotype of the mystery parent?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous dominant

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red flower crossed with a white flower produces pink flowers.

Question 5

If a gene has more than two alleles in a population, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The gene is said to have multiple alleles.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Each pair of alleles segregates independently of other pairs during gamete formation.

Question 7

A woman with blood type AB and a man with blood type O have a child. What are the possible blood types of their child?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 8

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

Aa

Question 9

In codominance, how are the phenotypes of the heterozygote and the two homozygotes related?

Accepted Answer

The heterozygote expresses both phenotypes distinctly.

Question 10

A dihybrid cross between two individuals heterozygous for both traits (AaBb x AaBb) produces what phenotypic ratio in the offspring, assuming independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about genotype and phenotype is correct?

Accepted Answer

Two organisms with the same phenotype can have different genotypes.

Question 12

If a plant with genotype PpTt (purple flowers, tall) is crossed with a plant with genotype pptt (white flowers, short), what proportion of the offspring are expected to have purple flowers and be tall?

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reason Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments?

Accepted Answer

Pea plants have a long generation time.

Question 14

A true-breeding plant with yellow seeds (YY) is crossed with a true-breeding plant with green seeds (yy). What is the genotype of the F1 generation?

Accepted Answer

Yy

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a testcross?

Accepted Answer

Breeding an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a character and its traits as defined by Mendel?

Accepted Answer

Seed color (yellow or green)

Question 17

Which of the following statements about alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Alleles are different forms of a gene found at the same locus.

Question 18

If a gene is located near another gene on the same chromosome, what is most likely to occur during inheritance?

Accepted Answer

The genes will tend to be inherited together.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why Mendel’s principles are still relevant today?

Accepted Answer

They form the foundation for understanding inheritance, even in complex patterns.

Question 20

A man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B have a child with blood type O. What are the genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Both are heterozygous (IAi and IBi)

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance

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