Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each individual has two alleles for each trait, and these alleles separate during gamete formation so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype $$Pp is $$crossed with another $$Pp$$ plant. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of purple to white flowers in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 3

Which scenario best illustrates the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

A plant with genotype $$RrYy$$ produces gametes $$RY$$, $$Ry$$, $$rY$$, and $$ry in $$equal proportions.

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$RrYy 	imes RrYy$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces pink-flowered offspring.

Question 6

Which genetic concept explains why blood type AB expresses both A and B antigens?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 7

A woman who is a carrier for colorblindness ($$X^NX^n) $$has children with a man who is not colorblind ($$X^NY). $$What is the probability that a son will be colorblind?

Accepted Answer

$$0.25$$

Question 8

Which of the following disorders is caused by a recessive allele and requires two copies of the allele to appear in the phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Albinism

Question 9

What is the genotype of a homozygous dominant pea plant for flower color, if purple is dominant ($$P) $$over white ($$p$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$PP$$

Question 10

Which step is NOT part of the five steps to solving a genetics problem?

Accepted Answer

Draw a pedigree chart

Question 11

A pedigree analysis reveals that a trait appears in every generation and affected individuals have at least one affected parent. What type of inheritance is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 12

Which of the following best describes polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes contribute to a trait, resulting in a continuous range of phenotypes.

Question 13

If two carriers for cystic fibrosis ($$Ff 	imes Ff) $$have a child, what is the probability that the child will have cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

$$0.25$$

Question 14

Which of the following is true about a heterozygote?

Accepted Answer

It has two different alleles for a trait.

Question 15

In a monohybrid cross, what is the expected genotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Mendelian genetics?

Accepted Answer

Traits always blend together in offspring.

Question 17

A man with genotype $$X^nY ($$colorblind) and a woman with genotype $$X^NX^N ($$normal vision) have children. What is the probability that their daughters will be colorblind?

Accepted Answer

$$0.00$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why Mendel used pea plants in his experiments?

Accepted Answer

Pea plants have easily distinguishable traits and can self-pollinate.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a trait determined by multiple alleles?

Accepted Answer

Blood type in humans

Question 20

Which principle allows scientists to predict the outcome of genetic crosses using Punnett squares?

Accepted Answer

Law of Segregation

Mendelian Genetics: Basic Principles of Heredity

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