Question 1

In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, what was the observed phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation when crossing two F1 hybrids for flower color?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each organism inherits two alleles for each gene, and these alleles separate during gamete formation.

Question 3

A pea plant with genotype $$Pp ($$where $$P is $$dominant for purple flowers and $$p is $$recessive for white) is self-pollinated. What is the expected genotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1 (PP$$:Pp:pp)

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$YyRr 	imes YyRr$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 5

Which term refers to the physical appearance of an organism resulting from its genetic makeup?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype

Question 6

If a plant with genotype $$AaBb is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$aabb$$, what is the probability that an offspring will have genotype $$Aabb$$? (Assume independent assortment)

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of codominance in humans?

Accepted Answer

ABO blood group, where both A and B alleles are expressed in AB individuals

Question 8

A pedigree shows a trait that skips generations and affects both males and females equally. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 9

In Labrador retrievers, the E/e gene is epistatic to the B/b gene for coat color. If two black labs with genotypes $$BbEe$$ are crossed, what is the probability that an offspring will be yellow?

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits

Question 11

A woman with blood type AB has a child with a man who is blood type O. What are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 12

Which rule is used to calculate the probability of two independent events both occurring?

Accepted Answer

Rule of multiplication

Question 13

A trihybrid cross is performed between two individuals with genotype $$AaBbCc. $$What is the probability that an offspring will have genotype $$AaBBcc$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1/16$$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Mendel's model of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles always result in a blending of traits

Question 15

Which scenario best illustrates the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

A plant with yellow, round seeds produces offspring with all combinations of seed color and shape

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a polygenic trait?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color

Question 17

A man with genotype $$I^A I^B (AB $$blood type) and a woman with genotype $$I^O I^O (O $$blood type) have a child. What is the probability that the child will have blood type B?

Accepted Answer

$$1/2$$

Question 18

Which genetic principle explains why a person with genotype $$Aa$$ for a certain gene can pass either allele to their offspring?

Accepted Answer

Law of segregation

Question 19

A pedigree shows a trait that appears in every generation and is present in both males and females. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 20

Which of the following best describes incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

The heterozygote shows an intermediate phenotype between the two homozygotes

Mendelian Genetics: Principles of Inheritance chapter 11

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