Question 1

Which of the following best explains why chromosomes must be condensed during mitosis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes by preventing chromosome tangling and breakage during segregation.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle are the cell organelles replicated?

Accepted Answer

G1

Question 3

A researcher treats cancer cells with an alkaloid from Vinca rosea that inhibits mitotic spindle formation. What is the most likely effect on the cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will be unable to separate their chromosomes during mitosis, leading to cell cycle arrest or cell death.

Question 4

In bacteria, the circular chromosome is attached to which structure during cell division?

Accepted Answer

The plasma membrane

Question 5

Which of the following events does NOT occur during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

DNA synthesis

Question 6

If a cell has 6 duplicated chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter nucleus have after telophase?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 7

Which structure do the microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Question 8

What is the evolutionary relationship between tubulin and FtsZ proteins?

Accepted Answer

FtsZ is thought to be an evolutionary ancestor of tubulin, as both are involved in cell division and share structural similarities.

Question 9

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the replication of histones?

Accepted Answer

S

Question 10

A human skeletal muscle cell contains several nuclei per cell. Which process most likely explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The cell undergoes repeated mitosis without cytokinesis, resulting in multiple nuclei within a single cell.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of non-kinetochore microtubules during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

They help elongate the cell during anaphase by pushing the spindle poles apart.

Question 12

At the conclusion of mitosis, each daughter cell has:

Accepted Answer

DNA identical to the parent cell

Question 13

Which of the following correctly matches the mitotic phase with its main event?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.

Question 14

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by high biochemical activity, including cell growth and preparation for DNA synthesis?

Accepted Answer

G1

Question 15

During which stage of mitosis do spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores?

Accepted Answer

Prometaphase

Question 16

Which of the following best describes how a cleavage furrow is formed during cytokinesis in an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

A contractile ring of actin filaments forms beneath the plasma membrane, pinching the cell into two.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the replication of centrosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Centrosomes are replicated during the S phase.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A segment of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase → Prometaphase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why anti-cancer drugs that disrupt microtubule formation are effective?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the proper segregation of chromosomes, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells.

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle: Step-by-Step Study Guidance

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