Question 1

Which experiment provided the first strong evidence that DNA, and not protein, is the genetic material of bacteriophages?

Accepted Answer

The Hershey and Chase experiment using radioactive isotopes to label DNA and protein in T2 phages

Question 2

During infection of Escherichia coli by a T2 bacteriophage, which component of the phage actually enters the bacterial cell to direct viral replication?

Accepted Answer

Only the DNA

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the monomers that make up DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides

Question 4

Which statement about the structure of DNA is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of nucleotides along the length of a single DNA strand is restricted by the base-pairing rules.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each strand of a DNA molecule serves as a template for the creation of a new strand.

Question 6

If a DNA molecule is replicated, what percentage of the resulting DNA molecules is derived from the original parent DNA?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 7

Why do eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication?

Accepted Answer

To shorten the time necessary for DNA replication

Question 8

Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the elongation of a new DNA strand during replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 9

A DNA strand grows only in the $$5' to$$ $$3'$$ direction because:

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the $$3'$$ end of the growing molecule

Question 10

Which of the following best represents the central dogma of molecular biology, describing the flow of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ protein

Question 11

The process of transferring genetic information from DNA to RNA is called:

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Question 12

How many nucleotides make up a codon in an RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$3$$

Question 13

Which statement about the genetic code is correct?

Accepted Answer

Many amino acids are specified by more than one codon.

Question 14

Which enzyme catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from a DNA template during transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Question 15

What marks the end of a gene and causes transcription to stop?

Accepted Answer

A terminator

Question 16

In prokaryotic cells, where do transcription and translation occur?

Accepted Answer

In the cytoplasm

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT necessary for translation to occur?

Accepted Answer

DNA template

Question 18

A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Mutagen

Question 19

Which process is demonstrated by Frederick Griffith's experiment, where non-pathogenic bacteria became pathogenic after exposure to heat-killed pathogenic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Transformation

Question 20

In many bacteria, genes that confer resistance to antibiotics are carried on:

Accepted Answer

R plasmids

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