Question 1

Which of the following biological macromolecules is NOT considered a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 2

During the synthesis of a polymer, which type of reaction occurs and what is the byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration; water is produced

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the dehydration reaction that forms a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6 + C_6H_{12}O_6 \rightarrow C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis breaks a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecule.

Question 5

Glucose, galactose, and fructose are all examples of which type of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides

Question 6

Monosaccharides are classified based on which two criteria?

Accepted Answer

The location of the carbonyl group and the number of carbons in the skeleton

Question 7

Which of the following correctly matches a sugar with its classification?

Accepted Answer

Ribulose: ketose

Question 8

In aqueous solutions, many monosaccharides form ring structures. What is the main reason for this?

Accepted Answer

Ring structures are more stable due to hydrogen bonding.

Question 9

A glycosidic bond is formed between two monosaccharides during which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose sugar?

Accepted Answer

Aldose sugars have a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain, while ketose sugars have it within the chain.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration reaction in carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Formation of maltose from two glucose molecules with the release of $H_2O$

Question 13

Which statement is TRUE regarding the formation of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by a dehydration reaction joining two monosaccharides.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a correct pairing of sugar type and example?

Accepted Answer

Hexose: Ribulose

Question 15

Which process would be used by your digestive system to break down starch into glucose monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 16

If a carbohydrate has the formula $C_5H_{10}O_5$, what type of sugar is it?

Accepted Answer

Pentose

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides during a dehydration reaction

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct real-world application of dehydration and hydrolysis reactions?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reactions are used in the synthesis of starch in plants, while hydrolysis reactions are used in the digestion of starch in animals.

Molecules of Life: Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions