Question 1

Which of the following components is NOT found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 2

What type of chemical bond connects adjacent nucleotides in a single strand of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bonds

Question 3

Which sugar is present in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 4

A DNA molecule is treated with DNAase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes covalent bonds between nucleotides. What is the first event that occurs?

Accepted Answer

The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars are broken

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the directionality of a nucleic acid strand?

Accepted Answer

The two ends of the strand have different chemical groups

Question 6

If a DNA sample contains 20% thymine, what percentage of guanine does it contain?

Accepted Answer

10%

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is responsible for the polymerization of nucleotides into nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Question 8

What is the complementary DNA sequence to 5'-AGCATGGAGTATC-3'?

Accepted Answer

5'-GATACTCCATGCT-3'

Question 9

Which of the following statements about base pairing in DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

Only purine-pyrimidine pairs fit inside the double helix

Question 10

What type of bonds hold together the two strands of a DNA double helix?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 11

During DNA replication, which bonds are broken when complementary DNA strands are separated?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the antiparallel nature of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The strands have opposite directionality, or polarity

Question 13

Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Guanine

Question 14

Which molecule is shown in the diagram with a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 15

Which of the following is released when ATP is hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

AMP and inorganic pyrophosphate

Question 16

Which of the following is true about RNA structure?

Accepted Answer

RNA can form double-stranded regions and loops

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Strand separation, base-pairing, polymerization

Question 18

If an RNA sample contains 20% adenine, what is the percentage of guanine?

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to determine from the information given

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a condensation reaction in nucleic acid polymerization?

Accepted Answer

Water is removed, monomer is added

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{AMP} + \mathrm{PP}_i$

Nucleic Acids: Structure, Function, and Polymerization (Sections 4.1–4.3)

Study Guide - Practice Questions