Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic polymers?

Accepted Answer

It forms covalent bonds between monomers by removing a water molecule.

Question 2

Which covalent bond is formed between two amino acids during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 3

A scientist is analyzing a molecule with the following structure: $\mathrm{NH_2}$ group, $\mathrm{COOH}$ group, and a variable R group. What type of monomer is this?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 4

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 5

During hydrolysis, what is the role of water in breaking down polymers?

Accepted Answer

Water is added to break covalent bonds between monomers.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct monomer for nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 7

A carbohydrate polymer is formed by joining monosaccharides through which type of covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why proteins can have such diverse functions in cells?

Accepted Answer

Proteins have a specific sequence of amino acids that determines their unique three-dimensional shape.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage in the form of ATP

Question 10

A mutation changes the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Which level(s) of protein structure will be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The primary structure and potentially all higher levels

Question 11

Which of the following correctly matches the organic molecule with its monomer and covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – Nucleotide – Phosphodiester bond

Question 12

Which of the following statements about lipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are diverse molecules that can include hydrocarbon chains and are not true polymers.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of a protein with quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin in red blood cells

Question 14

A dehydration synthesis reaction between two amino acids produces which of the following products?

Accepted Answer

A peptide bond and a water molecule

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The folding of the polypeptide chain into alpha helices and beta sheets due to hydrogen bonding

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for a peptide bond formed between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C-N}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are important in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

They form a bilayer that acts as a barrier and allows selective transport.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A molecule made of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a base

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

DNA nucleotides contain deoxyribose sugar, while RNA nucleotides contain ribose sugar.

Organic Molecules: Structure, Function, and Biological Importance

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