Question 1

Which of the following best explains why chlorophyll appears green to the human eye?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths and absorbs red and blue wavelengths.

Question 2

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, which photosystems are involved in linear electron flow, and what are the main products?

Accepted Answer

Photosystem I and Photosystem II; ATP, NADPH, and $$O_2$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

It fixes carbon dioxide by catalyzing the reaction between $$CO_2$$ and ribulose bisphosphate.

Question 4

Photorespiration occurs when rubisco uses which substrate instead of $$CO_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$O_2$$

Question 5

A researcher observes a plant cell with a large number of thylakoids. Which process is most likely to be highly active in this cell?

Accepted Answer

Light reactions of photosynthesis

Question 6

Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily responsible for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 7

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align at the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 8

Which of the following structures is responsible for attaching spindle fibers to chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Question 9

A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

24

Question 10

Which event during meiosis increases genetic variation by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Synapsis and crossing over during Prophase I

Question 11

A diploid organism has a karyotype of $$2n = 16. $$After meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Autosomes are non-sex chromosomes, while sex chromosomes determine an individual's sex.

Question 13

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$Yy 	imes Yy$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

AB blood type in humans

Question 15

A woman who is a carrier for an X-linked recessive disorder ($$X^N X^n) $$and a man who is unaffected ($$X^N Y) $$have a son. What is the probability that their son will have the disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5$$

Question 16

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

A plant with yellow, round seeds produces offspring with green, wrinkled seeds.

Question 17

If a child is born with Down syndrome due to nondisjunction, which chromosomal abnormality is present?

Accepted Answer

Trisomy of chromosome 21

Question 18

Which of the following best describes epistasis?

Accepted Answer

One gene alters the phenotypic expression of another gene.

Question 19

A plant with genotype $$AaBb is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$aabb. $$What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype $$Aabb$$? (Assume independent assortment.)

Accepted Answer

$$0.25$$

Question 20

Which process is most similar to binary fission in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis in eukaryotic cells

Photosynthesis, Cell Cycle, Meiosis, Mendelian Genetics, and Chromosomal Inheritance: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards