Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of autotrophs in the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

They produce organic molecules from CO$$_2$$ and other inorganic substances.

Question 2

What is the main photosynthetic pigment found in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 3

Which theory explains the evolutionary origin of chloroplasts in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Endosymbiotic Theory

Question 4

Photosynthesis can be summarized by which of the following chemical equations?

Accepted Answer

$$6\mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{O}_2 + \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6$$

Question 5

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^+$$

Question 6

Which process in photosynthesis is responsible for the synthesis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis

Question 7

If a plant closes its stomata on a hot, dry day, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Decreased CO$$_2$$ uptake and increased photorespiration

Question 8

Which pigment broadens the spectrum of light that can be used for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll b

Question 9

In the Engelmann experiment, why did aerobic bacteria congregate at regions illuminated by blue and red light?

Accepted Answer

Because chlorophyll a and b absorb blue and red wavelengths, leading to higher oxygen production.

Question 10

Which structure within the chloroplast contains the chlorophyll molecules responsible for capturing light energy?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 11

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert CO$$_2$$ into sugar using ATP and NADPH

Question 12

Which phase of photosynthesis is NADPH oxidized?

Accepted Answer

Calvin cycle

Question 13

Why do leaves appear green to our eyes?

Accepted Answer

Because chlorophyll reflects and transmits green light.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the difference between C$$_3$$ and C$$_4$$ plants?

Accepted Answer

C$$_4$$ plants spatially separate initial CO$$_2$$ fixation and the Calvin cycle.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants are adapted to arid environments?

Accepted Answer

They open their stomata at night to minimize water loss.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a?

Accepted Answer

It absorbs violet-blue and red light most efficiently.

Question 17

What is the main consequence of photorespiration in C$$_3$$ plants?

Accepted Answer

Release of CO$$_2$$ without producing ATP or sugar

Question 18

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of chemiosmosis in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of protons (H$$^+) $$across the thylakoid membrane driving ATP synthesis

Question 20

If a plant has red leaves, which wavelength would aerotactic bacteria NOT be found near, and why?

Accepted Answer

Red, because red light is reflected and not used for photosynthesis

Photosynthesis: Structure, Function, and Mechanisms (Chapter 10 Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions