Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?

$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$

Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 2

What is the main pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$

Question 4

In which part of the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 5

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

NADP+

Question 6

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert CO$_2$ into glucose

Question 7

Which enzyme catalyzes the fixation of CO$_2$ to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 8

During the light reactions, what is the source of electrons that replenish photosystem II after it loses electrons to the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Water ($\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$)

Question 9

Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 10

If a plant is exposed only to green light, what would likely happen to its rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It would decrease because chlorophyll reflects green light

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the thylakoid membrane is essential for ATP synthesis during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It creates a proton gradient used by ATP synthase

Question 12

What is the role of NADPH in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

It donates electrons for the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to G3P

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reactant in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 14

A scientist measures the oxygen output of a plant under different wavelengths of light. Under which wavelength would you expect the highest oxygen production?

Accepted Answer

Red (650–700 nm)

Question 15

Which process in photosynthesis is most directly responsible for the release of oxygen gas?

Accepted Answer

Splitting of water in the light reactions

Question 16

If the enzyme Rubisco is inhibited, which step of photosynthesis would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions

Question 18

A mutation prevents the formation of the proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane. What is the most immediate effect on photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis will be impaired

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the flow of electrons during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Photosystem II $\rightarrow$ Electron transport chain $\rightarrow$ Photosystem I $\rightarrow$ NADP$^+$

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct product of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)

Photosynthesis: Structure, Mechanism, and Pathways

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