Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a factor that limits prokaryotic growth?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 2

What is the term for the community of prokaryotes living in or on your body that are often mutualistic?

Accepted Answer

Microbiome

Question 3

When a prokaryote uptakes DNA from the environment, what is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Transformation

Question 4

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes have circular DNA and reproduce via binary fission

Question 5

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes have circular chromosomes, eukaryotes have linear chromosomes

Question 6

Which metabolic strategy is used by organisms that obtain energy from inorganic molecules and carbon from CO$_2$?

Accepted Answer

Lithoautotrophy

Question 7

Obligate anaerobes are characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

They are poisoned by oxygen

Question 8

Which process involves the transfer of genetic material between two prokaryotic cells via direct contact?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation

Question 9

Why are Gram-positive bacteria generally more susceptible to antibiotics like penicillin?

Accepted Answer

They have a thick peptidoglycan layer that is easily penetrated

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of plasmids in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

They may include antibiotic-resistant genes and can be transferred between cells

Question 11

A scientist discovers a prokaryote living in a highly acidic hot spring. Which domain is this organism most likely to belong to?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 12

Which of the following is a mutualistic interaction involving prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria in the human gut aiding digestion

Question 13

Which of the following statements about antibiotic resistance is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotic resistance can be acquired through mutation or transfer of DNA

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the human microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Production of vitamin K

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Koch's postulates?

Accepted Answer

They established a rule to demonstrate a causal relationship between a microbe and a disease

Question 16

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cell walls is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan, while archaea contain other compounds

Question 17

Which of the following is a reason why prokaryotes can adapt quickly to environmental changes?

Accepted Answer

They have a small genome and reproduce rapidly by binary fission

Question 18

A patient is prescribed antibiotics for a bacterial infection. Which of the following is the BEST advice based on current recommendations?

Accepted Answer

Use antibiotics only when prescribed and complete the full course

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of excessive antibiotic use?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in diversity of the microbiome

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of transduction in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

DNA is moved around by a virus

Prokaryotes: Structure, Function, and Interactions

Study Guide - Practice Questions