Question 1

Which of the following best explains why proteins are able to perform such a wide variety of functions in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are the most structurally complex biological molecules, allowing for diverse shapes and functions.

Question 2

Which protein function is correctly matched with its example?

Accepted Answer

Defensive protein – Antibody

Question 3

A mutation causes a single amino acid substitution in the primary structure of hemoglobin. Which disease is most directly associated with this change?

Accepted Answer

Sickle-cell disease

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 5

The peptide bond that links amino acids in a protein is formed by which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 6

Which level of protein structure is primarily responsible for the overall 3-D shape of a single polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 7

What type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet structures in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of two or more polypeptide chains into a functional macromolecule

Question 9

Which of the following changes is most likely to denature a protein?

Accepted Answer

Raising the temperature significantly

Question 10

A protein is found to have four polypeptide subunits held together by non-covalent interactions. Which level(s) of protein structure must be present in this protein?

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct general structure of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A central carbon atom bonded to a carboxyl group, an amino group, a hydrogen atom, and an R group: $\mathrm{H_2N{-}CHR{-}COOH}$

Question 12

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 13

Which protein is responsible for transporting oxygen in vertebrate blood?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of a single amino acid change in the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

It can alter the protein's structure and function, sometimes causing disease.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of a protein acting as a hormone?

Accepted Answer

Insulin regulating blood sugar

Question 16

Which of the following statements about protein folding is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Proteins may go through several intermediate structures before reaching their final stable form.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another, releasing water: $\mathrm{R_1{-}COOH + R_2{-}NH_2 \rightarrow R_1{-}CO{-}NH{-}R_2 + H_2O}$

Question 18

Which of the following diseases is associated with protein misfolding?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer Disease

Question 19

Which of the following is a storage protein found in milk that provides amino acids for a developing embryo?

Accepted Answer

Casein

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the N-terminus and C-terminus of a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

The N-terminus contains a free amino group and the C-terminus contains a free carboxyl group.

Chapter 5 Part B: (Protein Structure and Function: Study Notes for General Biology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards