Question 1

Which level of protein structure is primarily stabilized by interactions between the side chains (R groups) of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution containing 1.0 M glucose on one side of a semipermeable membrane and 0.5 M glucose on the other side. Assuming the membrane is only permeable to water, in which direction will water move?

Accepted Answer

From the 0.5 M side to the 1.0 M side

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of channel proteins in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They allow specific molecules to diffuse across the membrane

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the change in free energy ($\Delta G$) for a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta G = G_{products} - G_{reactants}$

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate

Question 6

According to the second law of thermodynamics, what happens to the entropy of a closed system over time?

Accepted Answer

It increases

Question 7

A scientist observes that a solute moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a membrane without the use of energy. Which process is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion

Question 8

Which of the following factors would NOT increase the rate of diffusion of a solute across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the permeability of the membrane

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in cells?

Accepted Answer

It uses energy from ATP to move sodium and potassium ions against their concentration gradients

Question 10

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst as water enters the cell

Question 11

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the cell membrane is described as 'selectively permeable'?

Accepted Answer

It allows some substances to pass while restricting others

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct real-life example of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen moving from the alveoli into the blood in human lungs

Question 14

If a membrane separates two solutions, one with 0.5 M glucose and the other with 0.25 M glucose, and the membrane is permeable only to water, what will happen over time?

Accepted Answer

Water will move from 0.25 M side to 0.5 M side

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the law of conservation of energy in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be transformed from chemical to kinetic forms in cells

Question 17

Which of the following would most likely increase the entropy of a system?

Accepted Answer

Dissolving salt in water

Question 18

A cell uses a symporter to move glucose into the cell along with sodium ions. Which type of transport is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Secondary active transport

Question 19

Which of the following statements about exergonic and endergonic reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Exergonic reactions have a negative $\Delta G$, while endergonic reactions have a positive $\Delta G$

Protein Structure, Cellular Transport, and Membrane Dynamics

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards