Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary building blocks (monomers) of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 2

A peptide bond is formed between which two functional groups of adjacent amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Amino group and carboxyl group

Question 3

Which term is used for an amino acid chain that has greater than 50 covalently linked amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Polypeptide

Question 4

Proteins have a hierarchy of structure organized into how many levels?

Accepted Answer

$4$

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding secondary protein structure?

Accepted Answer

It involves hydrogen bonding between atoms of the peptide backbone.

Question 6

A denatured protein is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A protein that has altered its shape and lost its function.

Question 7

What is the role of a chaperone protein?

Accepted Answer

Assist in protein folding and refolding.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about peptide bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds join the amino group of one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another.

Question 9

If a protein is exposed to high temperature, what is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

It will denature and lose its functional shape.

Question 10

Which level of protein structure is directly determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 11

A protein with more than one polypeptide chain exhibits which level of structure?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary

Question 12

Which component of an amino acid is unique to each type of amino acid?

Accepted Answer

R group

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why proteins can have such diverse functions in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Proteins have a variety of R groups that give them unique properties.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a correct match between protein structure level and its description?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary: formation of peptide bonds

Question 15

A mutation changes the R group of an amino acid in a protein. Which level(s) of protein structure could be affected?

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures

Question 16

Which process is responsible for breaking peptide bonds during protein digestion?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 17

Which of the following would most likely disrupt the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Breaking hydrogen bonds in the peptide backbone

Question 18

A scientist isolates a molecule with the following structure: a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique R group. What type of molecule is this?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The association of multiple polypeptide chains

Question 20

Which equation best represents the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

$\ce{Amino	ext{-}acid_1} + \ce{Amino	ext{-}acid_2} \rightarrow \ce{Dipeptide} + \ce{H_2O}$

Proteins and Amino Acids: Structure, Function, and Organization

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