Question 1

Which of the following best explains why protists are considered to be nutritionally diverse?

Accepted Answer

They include species that are autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism with a flagellum, an eyespot, and the ability to photosynthesize and ingest food particles. To which group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Excavata: Euglenozoans

Question 3

Which of the following is a major characteristic unique to plants and absent in green algae?

Accepted Answer

Alternation of generations with multicellular, dependent embryos

Question 4

Which process produces spores in the plant life cycle, and what is the ploidy of the resulting spores?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis; haploid

Question 5

A student is examining a water sample and finds a protist with two unequal flagella, one of which is hairy. This organism is most likely a member of which group?

Accepted Answer

SAR: Stramenopiles

Question 6

Which of the following best describes alternation of generations in plants?

Accepted Answer

A life cycle that alternates between multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid stages.

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between alternation of generations in algae and in plants?

Accepted Answer

In plants, the gametophyte and sporophyte are both multicellular, but in many algae, one generation may be unicellular.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the term with its definition and ploidy?

Accepted Answer

Gametophyte: haploid, produces gametes by mitosis

Question 9

Which group of protists is characterized by the presence of membrane-bound sacs (alveoli) just under the plasma membrane and includes organisms such as Plasmodium and Paramecium?

Accepted Answer

SAR: Alveolates

Question 10

Which of the following is a major characteristic of bryophytes (non-vascular plants)?

Accepted Answer

Dominant gametophyte generation

Question 11

A botanist is studying a plant that has vascular tissue but does not produce seeds. Which group does this plant most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Seedless vascular plants

Question 12

Which of the following is a defining feature of members of the SAR: Rhizarians?

Accepted Answer

They have threadlike pseudopodia used for movement and feeding.

Question 13

Which cellular process produces gametes in plants, and what is the ploidy of the gametes?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis; haploid

Question 14

Which of the following is a major characteristic of members of the Unikonta: Amoebozoans?

Accepted Answer

They move and feed using lobe- or tube-shaped pseudopodia.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the nutritional mode of Euglena, a member of the Excavata: Euglenozoans?

Accepted Answer

Mixotrophic, capable of both photosynthesis and heterotrophy

Question 16

Which of the following is a major characteristic of Archaeplastida?

Accepted Answer

They include red algae, green algae, and land plants, all with chloroplasts derived from primary endosymbiosis.

Question 17

A plant biologist is comparing mosses and ferns. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mosses have a dominant gametophyte, while ferns have a dominant sporophyte.

Question 18

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of meiosis in the plant life cycle?

Accepted Answer

$2n \rightarrow n$

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a seedless vascular plant?

Accepted Answer

Fern

Question 20

A researcher is studying a protist that forms elaborate, mineralized shells and uses threadlike pseudopodia to capture food. This organism most likely belongs to which group?

Accepted Answer

SAR: Rhizarians

Protists, Plants, and Life Cycles: Study Guide for General Biology

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