Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction in terms of evolutionary fitness?

Accepted Answer

Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability, enhancing adaptability to changing environments.

Question 2

In flowering plants, what is the function of the endosperm formed during double fertilization?

Accepted Answer

It nourishes the developing embryo.

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the human menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

A plant species reproduces by producing seeds without fertilization. Which term best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

Apomixis

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the structure with its function in the mammalian male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis: site of sperm maturation and storage

Question 6

In the alternation of generations in plants, which stage is diploid and produces spores by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Sporophyte

Question 7

Which of the following is a disadvantage of external fertilization compared to internal fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Higher risk of gamete desiccation and predation

Question 8

Which feedback mechanism regulates the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the female reproductive cycle?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback by estrogen and progesterone

Question 9

A gardener notices that a strawberry plant produces new plants from runners. Which type of asexual reproduction is this?

Accepted Answer

Vegetative propagation

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why hermaphroditism can be advantageous in certain animal populations?

Accepted Answer

It allows for self-fertilization, ensuring reproduction when mates are scarce.

Question 11

During human spermatogenesis, how many functional sperm cells are produced from one diploid spermatogonium?

Accepted Answer

Four

Question 12

Which structure in a flower is responsible for receiving pollen during pollination?

Accepted Answer

Stigma

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of oogenesis in humans?

Accepted Answer

It produces one functional egg and three polar bodies from each oogonium.

Question 14

Which of the following is a key difference between the menstrual cycle and the estrus cycle?

Accepted Answer

The menstrual cycle involves shedding of the endometrium through menstruation.

Question 15

Which of the following contraceptive methods provides both pregnancy prevention and protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

Accepted Answer

Male condoms

Question 16

A scientist observes a lizard species in which females can produce offspring without males. Which process is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Parthenogenesis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the corpus luteum in the human female reproductive cycle?

Accepted Answer

It produces estrogen and progesterone to maintain the uterine lining.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of seed dispersal by animals?

Accepted Answer

Seeds sticking to the fur of a mammal and being transported

Question 19

Which equation correctly represents the chromosome number changes during fertilization in humans?

Accepted Answer

$n + n = 2n$

Question 20

Which hormone is released from the hypothalamus to stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Reproduction: Organismal Form and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions