Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

Which experiment provided evidence that cells arise from preexisting cells rather than spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiment

Question 3

A student proposes: 'If students experience high stress, then their exam performance will decrease.' In this context, which is the hypothesis and which is the prediction?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis: Stress influences exam performance; Prediction: High stress will decrease performance

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A well-supported explanation for a broad set of observations

Question 5

Which of the following is a misconception about the theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Evolution always leads to more complex organisms

Question 6

What is the atomic number and atomic mass of carbon?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 6, Atomic mass: 12

Question 7

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a neutral atom of $$^{22}\mathrm{Ne}$$?

Accepted Answer

Protons: 10, Neutrons: 12, Electrons: 10

Question 8

Which electrons are involved in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 3. What does this indicate about the solution?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic

Question 10

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and surface tension

Question 11

Which functional group is characterized by the formula $$-\mathrm{NH}_2$$ and acts as a base?

Accepted Answer

Amino

Question 12

Which of the following best describes an exothermic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that releases energy

Question 13

What is the specific name of the bond formed between amino acids in a protein, and what type of bond is it?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond; covalent bond

Question 14

Which level of protein structure is directly determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 15

What would most likely happen if a single amino acid in the primary structure of a protein is changed?

Accepted Answer

The protein's function may change due to altered folding

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of molecular chaperones?

Accepted Answer

They assist in the proper folding of proteins

Question 17

Which three components make up a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 18

Given the DNA strand 5'-TGAACGT-3', what is the complementary DNA strand (include directionality)?

Accepted Answer

3'-ACTTGCA-5'

Question 19

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded; RNA is usually single-stranded

Question 20

What is the monomer of carbohydrates, and why does the orientation of the hydroxyl group matter?

Accepted Answer

Monomer: monosaccharide; orientation affects structure and function

Step-by-Step Study Guidance for College Biology: Foundations, Chemistry, Macromolecules, and Genetics

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