$$\text{As cell size increases, volume increases faster than surface area}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

Question 2

Which structure is present in prokaryotic cells but absent in eukaryotic animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 3

Why are cells generally small in size? Use the relationship between surface area and volume in your explanation.

Accepted Answer

Because as cells get larger, their volume increases faster than their surface area, limiting the ability to transport materials efficiently.

Question 4

Which microscope would you use to observe the three-dimensional surface structure of a cell at very high magnification?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope

Question 5

A scientist observes a cell with a large, membrane-bound nucleus, numerous organelles, and a flexible plasma membrane. This cell is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A eukaryotic animal cell

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins that are exported from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

A cell is observed to have many mitochondria. What can you infer about this cell's function?

Accepted Answer

It is likely involved in high levels of energy production, such as muscle contraction.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It refines, sorts, and packages macromolecular products for transport.

Question 9

Which of the following vesicles is responsible for digesting bacteria and cellular debris?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 10

A cell in the human respiratory tract uses short, numerous projections to move mucus along its surface. These projections are called:

Accepted Answer

Cilia

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between cell surface area and volume as a cell increases in size?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{As cell size increases, volume increases faster than surface area}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why microvilli are abundant in cells lining the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.

Question 14

Which of the following organelles contains its own DNA and ribosomes, supporting the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 15

A mutation prevents the formation of centrioles in a cell. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Cell division

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the path of a protein destined for export from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

They destroy toxic wastes produced in the cell.

Question 19

A sperm cell uses a long, whip-like structure for movement. This structure is called:

Accepted Answer

Flagellum

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells are round and flexible?

Accepted Answer

To squeeze through narrow capillaries efficiently

Structure and Function of Cells: Cell Theory, Types, and Organelles

Study Guide - Practice Questions