$$ DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow \text{protein} $$

Question 1

Which of the following classes of large biological molecules is NOT considered a true polymer?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 2

During the synthesis of a polymer, which type of reaction occurs, and what is the byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration; water is produced

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans, while starch can?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose has different glycosidic linkages than starch

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Serving as fuel and building material

Question 5

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are joined by a _____ reaction, resulting in a _____ bond.

Accepted Answer

dehydration; glycosidic

Question 6

Which of the following can vary among monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

The number of carbon atoms

Question 7

Which polysaccharide is used for energy storage in animals and is mainly found in liver and muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 8

What is the main structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and the cell walls of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 9

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are made amphipathic by the addition of a phosphate group

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure of a protein's primary structure?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 11

What type of bond links amino acids together in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 12

Which of the following is a consequence of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The protein loses its function

Question 13

Which of the following diseases is associated with protein misfolding?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Accepted Answer

$$ DNA ightarrow RNA ightarrow 	ext{protein} $$

Question 15

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, RNA is usually single-stranded

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nitrogenous base in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine with thymine

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while their hydrophilic heads interact with water

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface?

Accepted Answer

Cell-cell recognition and signaling

Question 19

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions

Question 20

In your small intestine during digestion, pancreatic enzymes break down proteins by _____ reactions into _____.

Accepted Answer

hydrolysis, amino acids

Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions