$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{ATP}$

Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for the production of ATP during cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy, speeding up reactions.

Question 3

During photosynthesis, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

NADP$^+$

Question 4

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

CO$_2$

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the electron transport chain. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The production of ATP via chemiosmosis

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{ATP}$

Question 7

Which statement best explains why chloroplasts are essential for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

They house the photosynthetic reaction centers and chlorophyll.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an endergonic reaction in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate

Question 9

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Modification and packaging of proteins

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It provides reducing power for the synthesis of glucose.

Question 11

A scientist measures the rate of oxygen production in a plant exposed to light. Which process is being monitored?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 12

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a nucleotide that stores energy in its phosphate bonds.

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of cellular waste and macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 14

Which of the following is a reactant in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

CO$_2$

Question 15

A mutation prevents the formation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a cell. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and processing

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 17

Which step in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

Question 18

Which of the following equations represents the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$2H_2O + 2NADP^+ + 3ADP + 3P_i \rightarrow O_2 + 2NADPH + 3ATP$

Question 19

Which process occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Calvin cycle

Question 20

A cell is observed to have a high concentration of NADPH and ATP but low levels of glucose. Which process is most likely not functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

Calvin cycle

Study Guide: Cell Structure, Enzymes, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis

Study Guide - Practice Questions