Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

To convert solar energy into chemical energy stored in glucose

Question 2

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^{+}$$

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the overall process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + light \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 4

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 5

A researcher observes a plant cell undergoing mitosis. Which structure is responsible for separating the chromosomes during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Spindle fibers

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions to fix CO$$_2$$ into sugars

Question 7

If a mutation prevents the formation of the enzyme Rubisco, what would be the most immediate effect on photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$ fixation in the Calvin cycle would be inhibited

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why plants appear green?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths of light

Question 9

A scientist measures the rate of photosynthesis in a plant under different light intensities. Which variable should be kept constant to ensure valid results?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$ concentration

Question 10

Which of the following is a direct product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 11

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and prepare for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of water in the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

It donates electrons to replace those lost by chlorophyll

Question 13

A plant is exposed to a toxin that blocks ATP synthase. What is the most likely consequence for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin cycle would slow down due to lack of ATP

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Question 15

If a cell fails to pass the G2 checkpoint, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will not enter mitosis

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the importance of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It creates a proton gradient used to generate ATP

Question 17

A mutation in a plant prevents the formation of thylakoid membranes. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Light-dependent reactions

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

G1 $$\rightarrow S$$ $$\rightarrow G2$$ $$\rightarrow M$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis results in four genetically unique cells, while mitosis produces two identical cells

Question 20

A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of salt. What is the most likely effect on the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink

Study Guide: Photosynthesis and Cell Cycle (General Biology, Chapter 12)

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