Q: Which of the following reactions is endergonic?

Photosynthesis: $$ 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} $$

Q: Which of the following is the correct summary equation for cellular respiration?

$$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid-Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins that can move laterally, containing hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails inward.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution is the cell in, and what is the direction of water movement?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic; water moves into the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following transport mechanisms requires energy input from the cell and moves substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 4

Which statement best illustrates the first law of thermodynamics as it applies to living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy is transformed from one form to another, such as light energy to chemical energy, but is not created or destroyed.

Question 5

Which of the following reactions is endergonic?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis: $$ 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} $$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds and releases it to drive endergonic reactions.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed.

Question 8

A competitive inhibitor affects an enzyme-catalyzed reaction by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to the active site and preventing substrate binding.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct summary equation for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy} $$

Question 10

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced, and what is the process called?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation; chemiosmosis

Question 11

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$ \mathrm{O_2$} )$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of fermentation in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It allows cells to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen by regenerating NAD+.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Question 14

Which of the following is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll; absorbs light energy for use in the light reactions.

Question 15

What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules such as glucose.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why ATP production is higher during aerobic respiration than during fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis to produce more ATP per glucose.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of energy coupling in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Using the energy released from ATP hydrolysis to drive the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP.

Question 19

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that prevents the formation of functional ATP synthase in mitochondria. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 20

Which of the following statements about feedback inhibition is correct?

Accepted Answer

The end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved early in the pathway, preventing overproduction.

Study Guide: The Working Cell, Harvesting Chemical Energy, and Photosynthesis

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards