Question 1

Which of the following is a defining developmental feature of Lophotrochozoans?

Accepted Answer

Spiral and determinate cleavage

Question 2

Which phylum within Lophotrochozoa is characterized by a loss of coelom and includes both free-living and parasitic species?

Accepted Answer

Platyhelminthes

Question 3

What is the primary function of the lophophore structure found in some Lophotrochozoans?

Accepted Answer

Feeding

Question 4

Which class of Platyhelminthes is known for having segments called proglottids, each containing reproductive organs?

Accepted Answer

Cestoda

Question 5

Earthworms are important for soil health because they:

Accepted Answer

Aerate the soil and facilitate gas and water penetration

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE about the circulatory system in Mollusca?

Accepted Answer

The type of circulatory system depends on the energy needs of the clade

Question 7

A freshwater mussel releases larvae called glochidia. What is the role of a fish host in the mussel's life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Glochidia attach to the fish host to complete development

Question 8

Which adaptation allows annelids to have a hydrostatic skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a true coelom filled with fluid

Question 9

Which of the following is a consequence of parasite-host relationships in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Parasites can increase biodiversity by controlling host populations

Question 10

Which class of Mollusca is considered the most intelligent among invertebrates and has a closed circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Cephalopoda

Question 11

A tapeworm living in the intestines of a vertebrate host absorbs nutrients directly from the host. Which anatomical feature is most responsible for this ability?

Accepted Answer

Loss of its own digestive system

Question 12

Which larval stage is characteristic of many Lophotrochozoans and is associated with movement and feeding?

Accepted Answer

Trochophore

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of hosts ($n$) required for a parasite's life cycle and its vulnerability to extinction ($V$), assuming $V$ increases with $n$?

Accepted Answer

$V = n^2$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the earthworm's clitellum?

Accepted Answer

Digesting food

Question 15

Which of the following statements about segmentation in Annelida is correct?

Accepted Answer

Segmentation allows for specialization and redundancy of organ systems

Question 16

Which structure is used by gastropods for feeding and is described as a rasp-like organ?

Accepted Answer

Radula

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of earthworm invasion in northern boreal forests?

Accepted Answer

Accelerated decomposition of organic matter, contributing to climate change

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the fate of the blastopore in Lophotrochozoan embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Blastopore becomes the mouth

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between free-living and parasitic Platyhelminthes?

Accepted Answer

Free-living species emphasize food collection and digestion, while parasitic species emphasize reproductive effort

Question 20

Which of the following is a plausible effect of parasites on host populations, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Parasites can remove the least fit individuals, potentially strengthening the host population

Superphylum Lophotrochozoa: Structure, Diversity, and Evolution

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