Q: The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information. Which equation best represents this process?

$$DNA \rightarrow \text{(transcribe)}\ RNA \rightarrow \text{(translate)}\ \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the biological levels of organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atoms → Molecules → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism → Species → Communities → Population → Biosphere

Question 2

In the Linnaean classification system, which taxonomic rank is the broadest?

Accepted Answer

Domain

Question 3

Which feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Lack of organelles

Question 4

A scientist discovers a new organism that is single-celled, lacks organelles, and has cell walls strengthened by peptidoglycan. To which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 5

Which process allows prokaryotes to change their behavior when population density increases?

Accepted Answer

Quorum sensing

Question 6

Biofilms formed by bacteria in the human mouth are most directly responsible for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Dental plaque

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a living organism by most biologists?

Accepted Answer

Virus

Question 8

The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information. Which equation best represents this process?

Accepted Answer

$$DNA ightarrow 	ext{(transcribe)}\ RNA ightarrow 	ext{(translate)}\ 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 9

Viroids differ from viruses in that viroids:

Accepted Answer

Lack a protein coat and consist of short, circular strands of RNA

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of all living things?

Accepted Answer

Must be able to respond to stimuli

Question 11

A researcher is studying a group of organisms that are motile due to flagella, can form biofilms, and survive in extreme environments. Which domain is most likely being studied?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 12

Which statement best explains why bacteria and archaea are placed in separate domains despite both being prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

They differ in the structure of their RNA polymerase molecules

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of a disease caused by prions?

Accepted Answer

Kuru in the Fore tribe of New Guinea

Question 14

Why do systematists prefer to use clades rather than traditional categories when classifying organisms?

Accepted Answer

Clades include all descendants of a common ancestor

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct scientific name for an organism, following binomial nomenclature rules?

Accepted Answer

Homo sapiens

Question 16

A scientist is comparing the evolutionary relationships among three species of elephants. Which tool would be most appropriate for this analysis?

Accepted Answer

Phylogenetic tree

Question 17

Which of the following is a plausible reason for the high number of species on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity is needed to keep life going

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of bacterial biofilms in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement of oxygen transport in blood

Question 19

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viruses lack many traits that characterize life

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the Human Genome Project in biology?

Accepted Answer

It mapped and sequenced all the genes in the human genome, providing a foundation for human biology and medicine

Taxonomy, Domains of Life, and Prokaryotes: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards