Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between chromatin and chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin refers to DNA and associated proteins in a less condensed state during interphase, while chromosomes are highly condensed structures visible during cell division.

Question 2

During which sub-phase of interphase does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A cell with 8 chromosomes in G1 undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes and DNA molecules will each daughter cell have immediately after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

8 chromosomes and 8 DNA molecules

Question 4

Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Duplicated chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plate.

Question 5

If a chemical disrupts the formation of the spindle apparatus during mitosis, which phase would be directly affected and what would be the likely result?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase; chromosomes would not align at the metaphase plate.

Question 6

How does cytokinesis differ between plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate, while animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Question 7

A cell has 12 sister chromatids at the beginning of prophase. How many chromosomes will be present in the cell at the end of metaphase?

Accepted Answer

6 chromosomes

Question 8

Which of the following statements about binary fission and mitosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis occurs in eukaryotes, while binary fission occurs in prokaryotes.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a typical property of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to normal cell cycle checkpoints

Question 10

If a cell has 10 chromosomes at the beginning of G1, how many DNA molecules will it have at the end of S phase?

Accepted Answer

20 DNA molecules

Question 11

A cell in G2 phase has twice the amount of DNA as a cell in G1 phase. What does this indicate about the cell's progress through the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

The cell has replicated its DNA in S phase and is preparing for mitosis.

Question 12

Which phase of the cell cycle is considered a 'non-dividing' state, and what is it called?

Accepted Answer

G0 phase; cells exit the cycle and do not divide.

Question 13

If a cell has 24 chromosomes at the end of cytokinesis and enters another round of mitosis, how many chromosomes will it have in pro-metaphase?

Accepted Answer

24 chromosomes

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why cancer cells can form tumors while normal cells do not?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells ignore cell cycle checkpoints and continue dividing uncontrollably.

Question 15

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 16

A researcher observes a cell with chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell, spindle fibers attached to kinetochores, and no nuclear envelope. Which phase is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 17

If a cell has 20 chromosomes in anaphase, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

20 chromosomes

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct comparison of DNA content between a cell in G2 phase and its daughter cell after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

The daughter cell has half the DNA content of the G2 cell.

Question 19

Which of the following domains of life utilize mitotic cell division?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya only

Question 20

A scientist treats a culture of animal cells with a drug that prevents actin filament formation. What is the most likely effect on the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis will be blocked, resulting in multinucleated cells.

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis: Chapter 12 Study Guide

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