Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Accepted Answer

Haploid cells contain one copy of each chromosome, while diploid cells contain two copies.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

To separate sister chromatids and move them to opposite poles

Question 4

Which structure attaches microtubules to chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Question 5

A mutation causes a cell to bypass the G1 checkpoint even if DNA is damaged. What is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell may divide uncontrollably, increasing cancer risk.

Question 6

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.

Question 7

What is the role of tumor suppressor genes in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the cell cycle from proceeding when conditions are unfavorable.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells

Question 9

A scientist observes a tumor that does not invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body. This tumor is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Benign

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the ploidy of a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

$$2N$$

Question 11

If a eukaryotic cell with 8 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 12

Which checkpoint ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before anaphase begins?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint

Question 13

What is the main difference between mitosis in eukaryotes and cell division in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria divide by binary fission, not mitosis.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a property of malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

They are noninvasive.

Question 15

During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope reform around each set of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Telophase

Question 16

Which of the following best describes chromatin?

Accepted Answer

The combination of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes

Question 17

A cell is observed with condensed chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell, but the sister chromatids have not yet separated. Which stage is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct result of depolymerization of kinetochore microtubules during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite poles

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the genome is correct?

Accepted Answer

The genome includes all the genetic material in an organism.

Question 20

A cancer cell is found to have a mutation that activates proteins required for cell growth even in the absence of growth signals. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A defect that activates proto-oncogenes

The Cell Cycle: Replication, Mitosis, and Cancer

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards