Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of photosynthesis occurring in chloroplasts?

$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do.

Question 2

Which cellular structure is responsible for controlling the flow of molecules between the inside of the cell and its surroundings?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 3

A scientist discovers a cell with the following features: DNA located in a nucleoid region, no membrane-bound organelles, and a plasma membrane. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 4

Which organelle is primarily responsible for packaging and shipping molecules produced in the endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 5

The phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is arranged so that:

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic heads face outward toward water, and hydrophobic tails face inward toward each other.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria have many folds in their inner membrane?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for ATP production

Question 7

A cell is observed to have a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 8

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins according to instructions from DNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 9

If a cell's lysosomes are not functioning properly, which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of waste and damaged organelles

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of photosynthesis occurring in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

Question 11

Which part of the cell is responsible for manufacturing a wide variety of molecules and is made up of a system of membrane tubes and sacs?

Accepted Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

A mutation causes a cell to lose its ability to quickly disassemble and reassemble its internal support fibers. Which cellular structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Storage of nutrients, water, pigments, and toxins

Question 14

Which organelle is found in all eukaryotic cells and is responsible for extracting energy from food molecules to produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of cilia on the surface of certain cells?

Accepted Answer

They move fluid across the cell surface with a coordinated back-and-forth motion.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Production of proteins

Question 17

A cell is observed to have flagella. What is the most likely function of these structures?

Accepted Answer

To move the cell around in a whip-like motion

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where ribosome components are made.

Question 19

Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the microtubules in their cells. Which cellular process is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Movement of organelles and cell shape

The Cell: Structure, Types, and Functions

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