Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the cell theory as supported by modern biology?

Accepted Answer

Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

Which structure is present in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 3

A scientist is studying a cell that contains a nucleoid, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane, but lacks membrane-bound organelles. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the metric prefix with its multiplier in scientific notation?

Accepted Answer

Tera: $10^{12}$

Question 5

If a typical human cell is about $100 \ \mu m$ in diameter, and a typical bacterium is about $1 \ \mu m$ in diameter, how many times larger is the human cell compared to the bacterium?

Accepted Answer

$100$ times larger

Question 6

Which cellular structure is responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 7

A student observes a cell under a microscope and notes the presence of a cell wall, plasma membrane, and flagella, but no nucleus. Which of the following is the best classification for this cell?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic bacterial cell

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why objects smaller than the wavelength of visible light cannot be detected by a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

The photon will bend around the object and not interact with it, making it undetectable.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental feature shared by all cells on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

If the diameter of a prokaryotic cell is $1 \ \mu m$ and the diameter of a eukaryotic cell is $100 \ \mu m$, what is the difference in orders of magnitude between their sizes?

Accepted Answer

$2$ orders of magnitude

Question 11

Which of the following structures is unique to eukaryotic cells and not found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 12

A researcher wants to visualize a protein that is $10 \ nm$ in size. Which type of microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Electron microscope

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 14

Which metric prefix corresponds to $10^{-9}$?

Accepted Answer

Nano

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom $\rightarrow$ Protein $\rightarrow$ Cell $\rightarrow$ Ecosystem

Question 16

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of the size difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells require more complex internal structures to manage their larger size.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why understanding scale is important in cell biology?

Accepted Answer

It helps us comprehend the relative sizes and functions of cellular structures.

Question 18

A cell is observed to have microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. What cellular system do these structures belong to?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct scientific notation for one micrometer?

Accepted Answer

$1 	imes 10^{-6} \ m$

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world application of understanding the difference in cell size between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Designing antibiotics that target bacterial cells without affecting human cells.

The Cell: Structure, Types, and Scale in Biology

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