Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, making them solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds, making them liquid at room temperature.

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct description of a dehydration reaction in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that forms polymers from monomers by removing a water molecule.

Question 3

A polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants and is a major component of dietary fiber is:

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the monomer with its corresponding polymer?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide — Polysaccharide

Question 5

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 6

A triglyceride is formed by the combination of:

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule

Question 7

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

A peptide bond is formed between:

Accepted Answer

The amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, causing them to arrange in bilayers with heads facing water and tails facing inward.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct representation of the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$C_nH_{2n}O_n$

Question 12

Which of the following processes breaks down polymers into monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 13

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 14

Which of the following is a steroid involved in cell membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 15

A mutation changes a nonpolar amino acid in a protein to a polar amino acid. Which level(s) of protein structure could be affected?

Accepted Answer

Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the antiparallel nature of DNA?

Accepted Answer

One strand runs 5' to 3', while the other runs 3' to 5'.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Replication → Transcription → Translation

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing and transmitting genetic information

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of a glycosidic linkage?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break the $eta$-glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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