Q: If the template strand of DNA has the sequence $$3'\text{-}TACGGTACG\text{-}5'$$, what will be the sequence of the RNA transcript produced?

$$5'\text{-}AUGCCAUGC\text{-}3'$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the promoter in transcription?

Accepted Answer

It is the DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.

Question 2

During transcription in eukaryotes, what is the function of transcription factors?

Accepted Answer

They mediate the binding of RNA polymerase II to the promoter.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about RNA polymerase is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase can start a new RNA chain without a primer.

Question 4

A mutation in the TATA box of a eukaryotic promoter would most likely result in:

Accepted Answer

Reduced or failed initiation of transcription for that gene.

Question 5

In bacteria, what signals the end of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A terminator sequence in the DNA.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why multiple RNA polymerases can transcribe a single gene simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

As soon as one polymerase has moved downstream, another can bind to the promoter and begin transcription.

Question 7

Which direction does RNA polymerase synthesize the new RNA strand?

Accepted Answer

$$5' \rightarrow 3'$$

Question 8

What is the immediate product of transcription in eukaryotes before any processing occurs?

Accepted Answer

Pre-mRNA

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between transcription in bacteria and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes require transcription factors for RNA polymerase binding, while bacteria do not.

Question 10

A scientist observes that a certain gene is not being transcribed efficiently in a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The gene's promoter region is missing the TATA box.

Question 11

If the template strand of DNA has the sequence $$3'	ext{-}TACGGTACG	ext{-}5'$$, what will be the sequence of the RNA transcript produced?

Accepted Answer

$$5'	ext{-}AUGCCAUGC	ext{-}3'$$

Question 12

Which of the following events occurs during the elongation phase of transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing RNA molecule.

Question 13

In eukaryotic cells, what happens immediately after the polyadenylation signal sequence (AAUAAA) is transcribed?

Accepted Answer

Proteins bind to the signal and cut the RNA transcript free from the polymerase.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the directionality of transcription?

Accepted Answer

Transcription proceeds downstream from the promoter.

Question 15

A bacterial cell is exposed to a chemical that specifically blocks the function of the terminator sequence. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Transcription will not terminate properly, resulting in abnormally long RNA transcripts.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

Accepted Answer

Proofreading and correcting errors in the DNA template.

Transcription: The DNA-Directed Synthesis of RNA

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