$10 \times 5 \times 2 = 100\ \mu\text{m}^3$

Question 1

Which scientist first coined the term 'cell' after observing cork under a microscope?

Accepted Answer

Robert Hooke

Question 2

Which statement best describes a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 3

According to the cell theory, which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter.

Question 4

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 5

A cell has a length of 10 $\mu$m, width of 5 $\mu$m, and height of 2 $\mu$m. What is its volume?

Accepted Answer

$10 	imes 5 	imes 2 = 100\ \mu	ext{m}^3$

Question 6

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration and ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

Which structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 8

What is the main function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of waste and cellular debris

Question 9

Which organelle is directly involved in the synthesis of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 10

Why do cells need to maintain a high surface area to volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

To allow efficient exchange of materials with the environment

Question 11

Which scientist concluded that all plants are made of cells?

Accepted Answer

Matthias Schleiden

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 14

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viruses contain a core of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.

Question 15

Which organelle is connected to the nuclear envelope and is involved in the transport of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 16

A mutation causes a cell to lack centrioles. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Cell division

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why plant cells have large central vacuoles?

Accepted Answer

To store water, nutrients, and waste products

Question 18

Which structure allows for the movement of substances into and out of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear pores

Question 19

If a cell's surface area is $100\ \mu	ext{m}^2$ and its volume is $500\ \mu	ext{m}^3$, what is the surface area to volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

$100 \div 500 = 0.2$

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of cilia and flagella in cells?

Accepted Answer

Movement of the cell or substances along the cell surface

Unit 3: The Cell – Anatomy and Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions